Starting June 3rd, 2024, workers in Nigeria under the umbrella of Nigeria Labour Congress (NLC) and Trade Union Congress (TUC) will commence an indefinite strike. This action will involve both public and private sector workers and comes after eight months of stalled negotiations between labor centers NLC and TUC, and the Nigerian Government over a much-needed increase to the minimum wage.

Over the past two years, Nigeria's economy has been battered by a series of shocks, including a 100% devaluation of currency, removal of fuel subsidies, an unprecedented rise in the cost of living with inflation rates at 31% as of May 2024, and more than 60% of the population living in poverty. Despite these devastating impacts, wages, including the minimum wage, have remained static.

The strike is taking place against a backdrop of high unemployment, recurrent power shortages despite nearly a 300% increase in tariffs for ordinary consumers, and escalating government debts. Many of the damaging economic policies, such as the removal of fuel subsidies, tax increases, and hikes in power tariffs, have all been attributed to suggested interventions by the International Monetary Fund (IMF), which has pushed for similar reforms in Kenya since 2022.

At the same time, instances of wasteful public expenditure on luxury goods and services for political elites have been observed and strongly criticized. The current government, led by President Tinubu, has also drawn criticism for violating trade union rights, including a brutal attack on NLC President Comrade Joel Ajaero in November 2023.

PSI affiliated unions are demanding a substantial increase in the minimum wage to match the current economic crisis in the country. They are also calling for the removal of the electricity tariff increase, which is placing a heavy burden on Nigeria's already impoverished population. A third key demand is the halting of privatization initiatives, which have been contributing to the further impoverishment of the Nigerian people.

PSI affiliates are standing strong in their commitment to seek fair and equitable treatment for all workers in Nigeria. They are urging the government to engage in good faith negotiations to address the pressing issues that have led to this national strike.

Unions across the world stand in solidarity with the workers of Nigeria in this critical fight for justice. We urge the Nigerian government to engage in meaningful dialogue to resolve the current crisis.

Full Statement from Nigerian Labour Congress and Trade Union Congress

A NEW NATIONAL MINIMUM WAGE AND HIKE IN ELECTRICITY TARIFF:
WHY ORGANISED LABOUR IS STRIKING  

For about eight months now, Organised Labour, the Federal Government, and the Organised Private Sector have been engaged in negotiations for a new national minimum wage. The negotiation for a new national minimum wage finds its root in law and international treaties, especially the International Labour Organization (ILO) labour standards which fundamental conventions Nigeria has ratified. 

The National Minimum Wage as a Global Standard and Best Practice

The National Minimum Wage is a global standard. It is an international best practice adopted and enshrined in ILO Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery Convention 26 of 1928 and reinforced by Minimum Wage Fixing Convention 131. The national minimum wage is the national benchmark threshold below which no employer of labour can pay a worker. It was also captured in Article III subsection (d) of the ILO

Philadelphia Declaration which demands that every country pursues…

“policies in regard to wages, earnings, hours and other conditions of work calculated to ensure a just share of fruits of progress to all, and minimum living wage to all employed and in need of such protection”

The National Minimum Wage is a wage anchor, safety net, and a denominator to which wages cannot and should not fall below. It is not a gift or largesse from government but a measure to ensure that workers, especially the lowest wage earners are not left behind by market dynamics and the intent to maximize profit by owners of capital. 

The Minimum Wage Fixing Machinery Convention 26 was ratified by

Nigeria on 16th June 1961. In 1981, Nigeria enacted the National Minimum Wage Act and paid the first minimum wage of N125 (about $188) which in today’s foreign exchange equals N282000. This shows that Nigerian workers have progressively earned backwards to poverty.

The Peril of the Current National Minimum Wage Negotiation 

Organised Labour in its first meeting with government proposed a national minimum wage of N615,000. This was based on detailed economic analysis taking into cognizance inflationary trend, prevailing purchasing power parity, and relativity of extant forex to current minimum wage of N30,000. The Federal Government made a counteroffer of N48,000 bereft of supporting data analysis, tables and logic. 

Organised Labour in the spirit of collective bargaining reduced its initial demand to N494,000. Sadly, the Federal Government failed to reciprocate this gesture rather made small jumps counter-offer that nestled at N60,000. In the view of Labour, government’s counter-offer mocks the excruciating hardship brought on workers by government’s insensitive and oppressive economic policies including the ill-advised removal of the so-called petrol subsidy, naira devaluation through foreign exchange windows unification, and the recent increase in electricity tariff amidst other harsh monetary and fiscal measures. 

In addition to resisting the reversal of electricity tariff, the Federal Government has continued to show contempt to the minimum wage negotiation. While Organised Labour remains open and committed to a bargaining process exemplified by its honouring of last week’s national minimum wage negotiation meeting, the Federal Government demonstrated its contempt for the negotiation process by withdrawing its core negotiating representatives. This insensitivity to workers’ plight has left Organised Labour is the reason for the Monday, 3rd June 2024 nationwide strike action which notice was given on 1st May 2024. 

Slave Wage Amidst Excruciating Hardship and Government Profligacy

In the face of galloping inflation marked by unprecedented food inflation of 40% and general inflation of 33% (government sources), there is no gainsaying the fact that Nigerians especially workers are currently living just on the edge. In addition to the historicity of slave wages marked by the continued downturn in the national economy, massive devaluation of the naira, removal of government subsidies, increase in taxation, astronomical hike of the tariff of critical utilities and the combo siege of collapsed public infrastructure and insecurity all over the country, life has become a Hobbesian reality in Nigeria – short, nasty and brutish. This burden is largely borne by workers whose income remain stagnant amidst buffeting increases in the cost of living. 

While the Federal Government offers a very paltry sum which in real inflation and naira value is far below the current national minimum wage, in one word - backward increase of the national minimum wage – government has shown a huge appetite for profligacy. On November 2, 2023, the National Assembly approved the N2.18 trillion 2023 Supplementary Appropriation Bill forwarded to it by President Bola Ahmed Tinubu. The supplementary bill turned out to be a competition for luxury and ostentatious items including a N5 billion yacht, the renovation of the President’s and Vice-President’s residences, billed to gulp N13.5 billion. The “Office of the First Lady,” alien to the constitution, would gulp N1.5 billion. N2.9 billion was budgeted for Presidential Villa SUVs, and another N2.9 billion to replace “operational vehicles, while the Presidential Air Fleet receives N12.5 billion.

On its part the National Assembly approved about N60 billion for the purchase of the latest Sport Utility Vehicles. Many State Governors and their Deputies while in office illegally allocate humungous sums as pension benefits with other exit perks. While the remuneration of public office holders in Nigeria are calculated at parity or even above the wages of their contemporaries outside the country including those of developed economies, Nigerian workers are regaled with tales of government’s inability to pay decent and living wages to workers who are the one who produce the wealth that they squander. This is tragic!

The current disposition of the Federal Government to the national minimum wage negotiation smacks of a class war indicative of the intents of a privileged few to wilfully pauperize and enslave the mass of our people. This attitude is further exemplified by the failure of the Federal Government to diligently implement the so-called wage award it promised workers as a palliative to petrol price hike. The payments which were made spasmodically has totally dried up since this February.

Nigerian workers have had enough of government’s drive to institutionalise a slave caste system. Nigeria’s independence which was largely procured on the sweat and blood of Nigerian workers guarantees equality for all citizens including workers. We will resist an attempt to use slave wages as an instrument of mass pauperisation. We will continue to resist socio-economic policies cooked in the kitchen of neo-liberalism and neo-colonialism. We will resist the conspiracy of a looting ruling class to give us an identity that impugns the ideals of our founders and satirises the words in the new national anthem. 

On 22nd June 1970 at the International Labour Conference, the ILO strengthened the National Minimum Wage by adopting the Minimum Wage Fixing Recommendation 135 which objectives are as follows:

-                Minimum wage fixing should constitute one element in a policy designed to overcome poverty and to ensure the satisfaction of the needs of all workers and their families.

-                The fundamental goal of minimum wage fixing should be to give wage earners the necessary social protection net regarding wages.

The foregoing basis for the National Minimum Wage as an International Labour Standard underlines the concept, rationale and logic of using the national minimum wage as an instrument against mass poverty. The national minimum wage is the only labour instrument that ensures that all workers in government, organised private sector, and particularly, the unorganised, the unskilled and the vulnerable in the highly ungoverned space commonly referred to as the “informal economy”, are included and protected by a wage level that ensures their survival 

The Demand of Organised Labour in Nigeria on the National Minimum Wage and Reversal of the Increase in Electricity Tariff

1.    Very pertinent is that the current national minimum wage by law expired on 19th April 2024, we DEMAND IMMEDIATE review.

2.    Given that the recent hike in electricity tariff, band structure regardless, is a burden that Nigerian businesses and workers cannot afford now, we demand the reversal of the tariff hike. The reason is simple. In light of the excruciating economic conditions where manufacturers are not selling and are piling products in warehouses because buyers do not have the money to buy, businesses cannot afford additional increase in the unit cost of production – a cost that will be ultimately transferred to workers.

From the foregoing, the strike action by Organised Labour is JUSTIFIED. We DEMAND accelerated conclusion of negotiations for a living national minimum wage. We expect support from the private sector whose struggle for enabling business environment we are fighting for.

Comrade Joe Ajaero                                                         Comrade Festus Osifo               

President, NLC                                                                    President, TUC